- J -

Jacking operation: The task of lifting a slab (or group of slabs vertically from one location to another (e.g., from the casting location to a temporary (parked) location, or to its final location in the structure), during the construction of a building/structure where the lift-slab process is being used.

Joint and several liability: Liability in which each defendant is responsible for the entire amount of the judgment. Often the court will allow the plaintiff to collect from whichever defendant can most easily pay, letting that defendant demand contributions from the other defendants.

Judgment: The final decision by a court in a lawsuit or appeal from a lower court's judgment.

Judgment non obstante veredicto (JNOV) = judgment notwithstanding the verdict: Reversal of a jury's verdict by the trial judge when the judge believes there was no factual basis for the verdict or it was contrary to law. The judge will then enter a different verdict as "a matter of law", to prevent injustice.

Jurisdiction: The authority given by law to a court to try cases and rule over acts committed in a defined territory, over certain types of cases, or over certain groups of persons.